Home                           

 Try Investor/RT             

 Investor/RT Tour           

 Getting Started              

 What's New                  

 Testimonials                 

  Q&A - Broken down by Topic . . .      Complete List of Questions - All Topics
     Charts and Technical Indicators      TPO Charts
     RTL: Scans, Signals, and Custom Indicators      Importing and Exporting
     Trading Systems and Backtesting      Schedules
     Quotepages, Portfolios and Custom Columns      Alarms / Alerts
     Data: Historical Data, the Database, and Data Services      User Variables (T# and V#)
     Custom Instruments: Spreads and Pairs      General / Miscellaneous
     Controls, Windows, and the Button Indicator      Autotrading
     Slide Shows      Product Line

 
Q&A Home

Investor/RT Answer
Answers to Common Questions

   

Question

I have a technical indicator (Exponential Moving Average - EMA) whose values in a chart, custom column, or scan does not match those of another source.  What could account for the discrepancy?
   

Answer

Exponential moving averages are by nature "cumulative" indicators, in that, regardless of the period you specify, their values are based in some part on EVERY prior bar in the data that is loaded.  The general formula for the exponential moving average follows:

EMA = EMA.1 + (PRICE - EMA.1 ) * (2 / (n + 1) )
     n = period

Notice how the EMA value for each bar is built using the EMA value from the previous bar.  The EMA continues to build upon itself.  EMA does not have a specific period of data which it uses to compute it's value.  A 20 period Simple Moving Average is always looking just at the last 20 bars, and taking their average.  A 20 period Exponential Moving average however is based in some part of all the previous data.  The key here is how much data is loaded for the calculation? How much is Investor/RT loading? How much are your other sources loading? Logically, the more data you load, the more likely your values are to match up with other sources.

In Investor/RT, if you're looking at a daily chart with the EMA in it, then the number of bars used to compute the value of EMA is going to depend on the "Viewing Period" of your chart. For an EMA, I might suggest loading a number of bars at least twice your period. So for a 200 EMA, I would try a viewing period of "Last 2 Years" or so.

Now, if you're running a scan, which I suspect you may be, or if you're using EMA in a custom column, then Investor/RT is going to do it's best to compute a desired number of bars that need to be loaded for the computation to occur.  In general, for cumulative type indicators, this number is going to be equal to the period plus 80 (a 200-period EMA would load 280 bars). The user can however override this number with his own number. In the Scan setup window (or the Custom Indicator or Signal setup windows), in the lower right hand corner, is a "Bars:" setting that will default to "Automatic". If your values aren't matching up, and you suspect it could be because your indicator is "cumulative", try using a larger number here.

You can also click the "Check" button in the Scan setup window, and Investor/RT will tell you how many bars are going to be requested (loaded) for this scan, along with how many bars are required.

The easiest way to identify a cumulative indicator is to check if it involves any of these smoothing (moving average) types:

  • Exponential
  • Welles Wilder
  • Adaptive

Some "cumulative" indicators would include:

  • RSI (Only when Morris Modified is UNCHECKED)
  • ADXR
  • ADX
  • DI+/DI-
  • Fisher Transform
  • TRIX
  • And any indicator using one of the smoothing methods mentioned above.